{"id":46711,"date":"2015-01-26T16:24:07","date_gmt":"2015-01-26T21:24:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/cardioexchange\/?post_type=voices&p=46711"},"modified":"2015-01-26T16:43:38","modified_gmt":"2015-01-26T21:43:38","slug":"selections-from-richard-lehmans-literature-review-january-26th","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/cardioexchange\/2015\/01\/26\/selections-from-richard-lehmans-literature-review-january-26th\/","title":{"rendered":"Selections from Richard Lehman\u2019s Literature Review: January 26th"},"content":{"rendered":"

CardioExchange is pleased to reprint this selection from Dr. Richard Lehman\u2019s\u00a0weekly journal review blog<\/a>\u00a0at\u00a0BMJ.com<\/a>. Selected summaries are relevant to our audience, but we encourage members to engage with the\u00a0entire blog<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n

JAMA Intern Med Jan 2015 Vol 175<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dietary Sodium Content, Mortality, and Risk for Cardiovascular Events in Older Adults:<\/strong> I have been contemplating writing a blog on salt for the UK Cochrane Collaboration to mark the appearance of the latest Cochrane review of reduced dietary salt<\/a> for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.<\/p>\n

The review concludes that current evidence does not confirm clinically important effects of dietary advice and salt substitution on cardiovascular mortality in normotensive or hypertensive populations. In August, the NEJM<\/em> published the PURE studies which showed that an estimated sodium intake between 3 g per day and 6 g per day was associated with a lower risk of death and cardiovascular events than was either a higher or lower estimated level of intake. This latest paper in JAMA Intern Med<\/em> is a cohort study of people aged 71-80<\/a> and concludes that in older adults, food frequency questionnaire-assessed sodium intake was not associated with 10-year mortality, incident CVD, or incident HF. So the Salt Reduction Emperor turns out to have few clothes on, if any. But rather than tackle the blushful dictator full-on, we should perhaps allow him the favour of a curtain to hide behind whilst he adjusts his underwear. There are some residual uncertainties, of course we should encourage people to prepare fresh food, more potassium is good too, and so on. It will all take an awfully long time, and I imagine that \u201chealthy eating\u201d guides will still repeat rubbish about vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and reducing salt for as long as I live. \u201cIt is difficult to get a man to understand something when his salary depends on not understanding it\u201d as Upton Sinclair once said. The irony is that the word salary comes from the allowance of salt which was an essential of health in the Roman army.<\/p>\n

Lancet 24 Jan 2015 Vol 385<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zotarolimus-Eluting Durable-Polymer-Coated Stent vs. a Biolimus-Eluting Biodegradable-Polymer-Coated Stent in Unselected Patients Undergoing PCI:<\/strong> \u201cZotarolimus-eluting durable-polymer-coated stent versus a biolimus-eluting biodegradable-polymer-coated stent in unselected patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (SORT OUT VI)<\/a>: a randomised non-inferiority trial.\u201d Hey, I hear you say, you told us about this Lancet<\/em> paper a few weeks ago. Nope, that was \u201cUltrathin strut biodegradable polymer sirolimus eluting stent versus durable polymer everolimus-eluting stent for percutaneous coronary revascularisation (BIOSCIENCE): a randomised, single-blind, non-inferiority trial.\u201d You clearly aren\u2019t paying attention.<\/p>\n

Central Arteriovenous Anastomosis for the Treatment of Patients with Uncontrolled Hypertension:<\/strong> Resistant hypertension is a slippery thing. You may remember that there was a renal nerve ablation device that showed spectacular reductions in an open label study. Then Medtronic bought it up and ran a proper double blinded randomized trial which showed it was little better than a sham procedure. A device company called ROX medical has now come up with a cunning little device which creates a small anastomosis between the iliac artery and vein. In an open label trial<\/a>, 20% of participants were rewarded with a swollen leg, so that may be a glitch that needs sorting. Some huge reductions in BP were observed, averaging 26.9\/13.5mm Hg SBP\/DBP. Long-term results including adverse effects like device migration, high output heart failure etc? We have no idea. We\u2019ll need a sham-controlled RCT of long duration.<\/p>\n

BMJ 24 Jan 2015 Vol 350<\/strong><\/p>\n

High Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin and the Under-Diagnosis of MI in Women:<\/strong> There has been a lot of publicity for this cohort study of 1126 patients<\/a> presenting with \u201csuspected acute coronary syndrome\u201d to the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary over a three month period. The use of high sensitivity troponin testing made little difference to the diagnosis rate in men but doubled the number of women diagnosed with myocardial infarction. This is an important and well reported study and I think it calls for an immediate change in practice followed by a series of further studies. I think we are still some way short of knowing how best to diagnose and treat MI in women.<\/p>\n

Diagnostic Accuracy of Single Baseline Measurement of Elecsys Troponin T High-Sensitive Assay for Diagnosis of Acute MI in the ED:<\/strong> Using high sensitivity troponin testing appropriately can also help in the early rule-out of MI in patients presenting with suggestive symptoms, according to a systematic review and meta-analysis<\/a> of studies using a different diagnostic product\u2014the Elecsys Troponin T high-sensitive assay.\u201d The results indicate that a single baseline measurement of the Elecsys Troponin T high-sensitive assay could be used to rule out acute myocardial infarction if lower cut-off values such as 3 ng\/L or 5 ng\/L are used.\u201d But pay attention to all the basic principles of using diagnostic tests\u2014the pre-test probability in each individual, the likelihood ratio, and the importance of timing.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

This week’s topics include dietary sodium content, mortality, and CVD risk in older adults, the ROX CONTROL HTN study, and more.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":475,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1108,2480,329,2481,2478,2483,2482,801,1314,764,1862,698,2479],"class_list":["post-46711","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general","tag-acute-myocardial-infarction","tag-biolimus-eluting-biodegradable-polymer-coated-stent","tag-cardiovascular-risk","tag-central-arteriovenous-anastomosis","tag-dietary-sodium","tag-elecsys-troponin-t-high-sensitive-assay","tag-high-sensitivity-cardiac-troponin","tag-mortality","tag-myocardial-infarction","tag-older-patients","tag-uncontrolled-hypertension","tag-women","tag-zotarolimus-eluting-durable-polymer-coated-stent"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/cardioexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46711","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/cardioexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/cardioexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/cardioexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/475"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/cardioexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=46711"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/cardioexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46711\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/cardioexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46711"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/cardioexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=46711"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/cardioexchange\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=46711"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}