{"id":10140,"date":"2021-06-14T09:31:30","date_gmt":"2021-06-14T13:31:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/?p=10140"},"modified":"2021-06-14T09:55:35","modified_gmt":"2021-06-14T13:55:35","slug":"the-time-for-hospitals-to-require-covid-19-vaccination-among-employees-is-now","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/the-time-for-hospitals-to-require-covid-19-vaccination-among-employees-is-now\/2021\/06\/14\/","title":{"rendered":"The Time for Hospitals to Require COVID-19 Vaccination Among Employees Is Now"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_10141\" style=\"width: 291px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10141\" class=\" wp-image-10141\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/nlm_nlmuid-101446388-img-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"281\" height=\"226\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/nlm_nlmuid-101446388-img-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/nlm_nlmuid-101446388-img-300x241.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/nlm_nlmuid-101446388-img-1024x823.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/nlm_nlmuid-101446388-img-768x617.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/nlm_nlmuid-101446388-img-1536x1235.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/06\/nlm_nlmuid-101446388-img-2048x1646.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 281px) 100vw, 281px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-10141\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Drs. Harry Meyer and Paul Parkman examine the rubella vaccine. National Library of Medicine.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Imagine you work at a hospital.<\/p>\n<p>Patients come and go, admitted through the emergency room, or electively for surgery. Or they arrive for the day \u2014 maybe it&#8217;s an outpatient visit, or to receive chemotherapy or an infusion of biologic agents, or to undergo various imaging and other tests.<\/p>\n<p>Some of them, of course, have weakened immune systems and won&#8217;t be fully protected by the COVID-19 vaccines. Others may not have received the vaccines based on poor access to healthcare or other social determinants.<\/p>\n<p>Now imagine that you, healthcare worker, contracted COVID-19 because you&#8217;ve chosen not to be vaccinated. You feel well &#8212; in fact you are completely asymptomatic, blithely clicking the NO SYMPTOMS box in your hospital&#8217;s entry screen &#8212; but you&#8217;re in that brief period of being <em>highly contagious<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>And, as a result, you are the source of a COVID-19 transmission within the hospital to one or more of these vulnerable patients, and maybe some hospital coworkers (who could also be immunocompromised) as well.<\/p>\n<p><em>How would that make you feel?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Importantly, the above chilling scenario is anything but hypothetical. An outbreak in a nursing home occured when <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/04\/21\/health\/vaccine-nursing-homes-infections.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">one of the unvaccinated employees infected multiple residents and other staff<\/a>. Even though 90% of the residents had been vaccinated, three of them died.<\/p>\n<p>As cases continue to drop in the United States, we might need reminding that this is a highly contagious virus &#8212; even more so with the latest variants, which are 50% more transmissible than the original virus from China. Key graphic below, with estimated R0 for the increasingly dominant alpha and delta variants:<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"500\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">&quot;The fact it has happened twice in 18 months, two lineages (Alpha and then Delta) each 50% more transmissible is a phenomenal amount of change&quot;\u2014<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/ArisKatzourakis?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@ArisKatzourakis<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/A4M6dGfxSp\">https:\/\/t.co\/A4M6dGfxSp<\/a> <br \/>by <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/JamesTGallagher?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@JamesTGallagher<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/bbchealth?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@bbchealth<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/PWvIiKYTVC\">pic.twitter.com\/PWvIiKYTVC<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Eric Topol (@EricTopol) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/EricTopol\/status\/1403725152357998600?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 12, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>There is a solution, of course, one which would make the likelihood of in-hospital transmission to patients much less likely.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>Hospitals can institute policies requiring that all employees be vaccinated.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Medical exemptions, of course, would be allowable. Some also would argue that documentation of prior infection would be sufficient &#8212; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2021.06.01.21258176v2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reinfection is rare<\/a>. I&#8217;m fine with both, though do recommend vaccination for people with prior disease.<\/p>\n<p>But what about the limbo &#8220;emergency use authorization&#8221; status of the vaccines? Shouldn&#8217;t we await full FDA approval? According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eeoc.gov\/newsroom\/eeoc-issues-updated-covid-19-technical-assistance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission<\/a>, employers may require vaccines for onsite workers as a means of protecting the safety of others despite this status.<\/p>\n<p>This approach of mandatory immunization follows the model of required influenza vaccination (already widely in place nationally), but is arguably much more important &#8212; COVID-19 is more lethal than the flu, and the vaccines are more effective. Such a win-win-win for the individual, the hospital, and for public health overall.<\/p>\n<p>As a result, it&#8217;s a policy we ID doctors &#8212; especially infection preventionists &#8212; strongly endorse. That&#8217;s why I was ecstatic when hearing that <a href=\"https:\/\/medicalxpress.com\/news\/2021-04-covid-vaccinations-mandatory-houston-methodist.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Houston Methodist<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pennmedicine.org\/news\/news-releases\/2021\/may\/penn-medicine-to-require-all-health-system-employees-to-receive-covid19-vaccine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Penn Medicine<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/hub.jhu.edu\/2021\/06\/09\/vaccines-mandatory-for-hopkins-faculty-staff\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Johns Hopkins<\/a>, among others, all had put such rules in place. Our hospital is considering similar action.<\/p>\n<p>Penn Medicine staff articulated their rationale in a NEJM Perspective, entitled <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMp2107719?query=featured_home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Incentives for Immunity \u2014 Strategies for Increasing Covid-19 Vaccine Uptake<\/a>. They cite a systematic review showing that <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s15010-020-01555-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">requiring vaccination for employment is the most effective strategy to increase vaccination rates<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Vaccine requirements have <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thedailybeast.com\/biden-just-sabotaged-his-own-vaccine-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">enormous potential to improve public health<\/a>. We know that school immunization policies here in the United States have kept our outbreaks of vaccine preventable illnesses among children much less common than in other countries, and we&#8217;ve actually eliminated one scourge entirely:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>With vaccination requirements, more than <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/volumes\/69\/wr\/mm6942a1.htm\">90 percent of children are protected against devastating diseases like polio and measles<\/a>. Through vaccination requirements, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2011\/04\/05\/135121451\/how-the-pox-epidemic-changed-vaccination-rules\">smallpox was eradicated from planet Earth<\/a>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>With the caveat that those interested in the musings of me, an ID doctor, are likely to think similarly, it appears that most agree that this is the way to go &#8212; if not now, then after full FDA approval:<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"500\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Hopkins, Penn, Houston Methodist hospitals (among others) require Covid19 vaccination for employees since they may come into contact with patients. Is this the right policy? <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/A7HbZ04lkC\">https:\/\/t.co\/A7HbZ04lkC<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Paul Sax (@PaulSaxMD) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/PaulSaxMD\/status\/1403796348516851714?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 12, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>But not all agree. More than 100 employees of Houston Methodist <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/nation\/2021\/05\/29\/texas-hospital-vaccine-lawsuit\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sued the hospital<\/a>, saying that the mandate forced them &#8220;to participate in an experimental vaccine trial as a condition for continued employment.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>This is nonsense &#8212; getting the vaccine is not participation &#8220;in an experimental vaccine trial&#8221; &#8212; and fortunately a federal judge agrees, and <a href=\"https:\/\/news.yahoo.com\/federal-judge-sides-houston-hospitals-020713664.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dismissed the lawsuit<\/a>. I&#8217;m hopeful that this action will pave the way for many other healthcare facilities to institute similar policies.<\/p>\n<p>The bottom line is that it is a privilege to be in the position of taking care of patients, and with that privilege comes the responsibility of keeping them as safe as possible.<\/p>\n<p>And that means getting vaccinated.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Imagine you work at a hospital. Patients come and go, admitted through the emergency room, or electively for surgery. Or they arrive for the day \u2014 maybe it&#8217;s an outpatient visit, or to receive chemotherapy or an infusion of biologic agents, or to undergo various imaging and other tests. Some of them, of course, have [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,5,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10140","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-health-care","category-infectious-diseases","category-policy"],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10140","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10140"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10140\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10140"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10140"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10140"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}