{"id":2011,"date":"2011-10-04T20:32:04","date_gmt":"2011-10-05T00:32:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/?p=2011"},"modified":"2011-10-04T20:32:04","modified_gmt":"2011-10-05T00:32:04","slug":"hormonal-contraception-may-increase-risk-of-hiv","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/hormonal-contraception-may-increase-risk-of-hiv\/2011\/10\/04\/","title":{"rendered":"Hormonal Contraception MAY Increase Risk of HIV"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>From the pages of <em>Lancet Infectious Diseases<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS1473-3099(11)70247-X\/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\">a study from Africa<\/a>:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>We aimed to assess the association between hormonal contraceptive use and risk of HIV-1 acquisition by women and HIV-1 transmission from HIV-1-infected women to their male partners &#8230; Among 1314 couples in which the HIV-1-seronegative partner was female, rates of HIV-1 acquisition were 6\u00b761 per 100 person-years in women who used hormonal contraception and 3\u00b778 per 100 person-years in those who did not (adjusted hazard ratio 1\u00b798, 95% CI 1\u00b706\u20143\u00b768, p=0\u00b703). Among 2476 couples in which the HIV-1-seronegative partner was male, rates of HIV-1 transmission from women to men were 2\u00b761 per 100 person-years in couples in which women used hormonal contraception and 1\u00b751 per 100 person-years in couples in which women did not use hormonal contraception (adjusted hazard ratio 1\u00b797, 95% CI 1\u00b712\u20143\u00b745, p=0\u00b702).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>We&#8217;ve heard this story before, that hormonal contraception may increase the risk of HIV acquisition. The mechanism is unclear &#8212; vaginal thinning, increased HIV replication in genital secretions, something else &#8212; but undoubtedly part of it may be the simple fact that women receiving hormonal contraception\u00a0<em>must<\/em> be less likely to use condoms.<\/p>\n<p>In fact, that last factor is pretty darn likely, and why the results cannot be considered definitive &#8212; even though condom use was controlled for in the study.<\/p>\n<p>Lack of concrete proof notwithstanding, women should be counseled that hormonal contraception could increase the risk of HIV acquisition and transmission &#8212; and hence it&#8217;s even more important that\u00a0condom use be emphasized, especially in high HIV prevalence regions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>From the pages of Lancet Infectious Diseases, a study from Africa: We aimed to assess the association between hormonal contraceptive use and risk of HIV-1 acquisition by women and HIV-1 transmission from HIV-1-infected women to their male partners &#8230; Among 1314 couples in which the HIV-1-seronegative partner was female, rates of HIV-1 acquisition were 6\u00b761 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,4,8,10],"tags":[423,451],"class_list":["post-2011","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-health-care","category-hiv","category-patient-care","category-research","tag-hiv","tag-hiv-transmission"],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2011","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2011"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2011\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2011"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2011"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.nejm.org\/hiv-id-observations\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2011"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}