In a large, international study of HIV-1–serodiscordant couples, the receipt of antiretroviral therapy by the infected partner decreased transmission to the uninfected partner as well as rates of clinical events in the HIV-1–infected partner. Because the sexual transmission of HIV-1 from infected persons to their partners is strongly correlated with concentrations of HIV-1 in blood and in… Read More…
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Just for a moment, imagine that you’ve just finished treating me for active pulmonary tuberculosis. I’m cured and therefore happy. What’s more, my future roommates are happy: I’ll no longer aerosolize inocula of acid-fast bacilli with each chesty cough, and they won’t even be exposed to the disease. Even my future roommates’ future roommates probably… Read More…
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The latest article in our Medical Progress review series is on Acute HIV-1 Infection. There are now 33.2 million people living with human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1) infection, and 2.6 million additional cases are diagnosed each year. The need for effective HIV-1 prevention has never been greater. Clinical Pearls • How quickly after exposure can HIV… Read More…
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Approximately 200,000 infants worldwide become infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) annually through breast-feeding. In a randomized trial by Chasela et al. involving 2369 mother–infant pairs in Malawi, the use of either maternal antiretroviral therapy or infant nevirapine through the age of 6 months was found to significantly decrease the rate of maternal… Read More…
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This week’s Case Record of the Massachusetts General Hospital is A 7-Year-Old Boy with Elevated HIV RNA Levels despite Antiretroviral Medications. In light of recent reports indicating excess mortality in apparently healthy infants who had high CD4 counts and high CD4 percentages and who did not receive early antiretroviral therapy, HIV exposure and infection should… Read More…
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