An ongoing dialogue on HIV/AIDS, infectious diseases,
October 18th, 2020
Does Remdesivir Actually Work?
Quick answer — it’s complicated. Let’s start with a clinical anecdote — rightfully considered the weakest form of evidence, yet paradoxically holding great power over us because we’re imperfect humans. It’s the way we’re wired. In April, a patient of mine with stable HIV came into the hospital with COVID-19 pneumonia. (Certain details changed for […]
September 7th, 2020
Relieving the COVID-19 Testing Logjam by Separating the Symptomatic from Asymptomatic
As the days grow shorter and we celebrate Labor Day here in the United States, the end of summer looms awfully near. With that will soon come colder temperatures, more time spent indoors, kids back in school, and the inevitable respiratory virus season. How we address these “viral URIs” in the midst of the COVID-19 […]
August 30th, 2020
Cases of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection Highlight the Limitations — and the Mysteries — of Our Immune System
In case you didn’t notice, or perhaps were “off the grid” taking some well-earned time away from COVID-19 news, this past week we heard about several cases of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection. We’ll come back to them in a moment, but first, some questions: Why does one parent never get sick when their kids start coughing and […]
August 24th, 2020
FDA’s Emergency Use Authorization for Convalescent Plasma for COVID-19 Seems To Be Fooling No One
Starting late Saturday night, and proceeding the next day — like a relentless series of coming attractions for a blockbuster summer movie or the finale of a reality TV series — we repeatedly heard word that the President planned to make an announcement Sunday evening about a “major therapeutic breakthrough” in treatment of COVID-19. 6 […]
August 9th, 2020
Rapid Home Testing for Contagious COVID-19: How to Make It Happen
You know that feeling when you have an aha moment. If you’re not familiar with the phrase, we can’t do better than our friends from Merriam-Webster: aha moment (noun): a moment of sudden realization, inspiration, insight, recognition, or comprehension This is how I felt when research revealed three key findings related to COVID-19 transmission: A […]
May 10th, 2020
Thank You to Inpatient Nurses — The People Doing the Most Direct COVID-19 Patient Care
Anyone who does inpatient medicine or surgery knows well the major imbalance in time spent on direct patient care between doctors and nurses. Nurses spend way more time actually with patients than we do — I’m referring to time in the rooms caring for patients. While we round and review charts, document lab test results, […]
May 6th, 2020
Early Memories of Burton “Bud” Rose, Founder of UpToDate — and Medical Education Visionary
Let’s rewind the clock a bit — OK, a lot. Ancient history. It’s winter, 1986. An interview day for medical residency at Brigham and Women’s Hospital. A bunch of us nervous medical students sit in a conference room, wearing our interview suits, while Dr. Marshall Wolf tells us what to expect that day. Amazingly, Marshall […]
April 19th, 2020
Gratitude Before, During, and After Rounding on COVID-19 Service
It snowed in Boston yesterday morning — heavy, wet flakes covered the daffodils and tulips that just started coming up — but this brief return to winter didn’t make my red, itchy eyes from spring pollen feel any better. The flowers didn’t look too happy either. Oh well. But just as the annual misery of […]
March 8th, 2020
As Testing Ramps Up, Diagnoses of Coronavirus Disease in the U.S. Will Soon Increase Substantially — How Will We Respond?
Brace yourself. As coronavirus disease (COVID-19) occurs at multiple locations around the United States, the number of confirmed cases here is about to increase big time. There are two reasons: New infections More testing Believe it or not, despite statements by certain politicians, COVID-19 tests still cannot be ordered by any clinician who believes it […]
February 25th, 2020
First Week on Service, with One-a-Day ID Learning Units
There is almost always something to be learned from every new patient. It might be buried somewhere in the history, or the physical, or the lab tests, or the micro, or the imaging — but the odds are excellent that, with enough rumination, you’ll find it. I can’t remember now who taught me this important […]
Paul E. Sax, MD
Associate Editor
NEJM Clinician
Biography | Disclosures & Summaries
Learn more about HIV and ID Observations.
FROM NEJM — Recent Infectious Disease Articles- Interactive Perspective: Measles December 18, 2025This Double Take video reviews evidence-based recommendations on measles prevention and management and explores commonly asked questions about the measles virus and infection.
- Noninferiority of One HPV Vaccine Dose to Two Doses December 18, 2025In this trial, one dose of an HPV vaccine was noninferior to two doses in preventing HPV type 16 or 18 infection.
- From Crisis to Action — Policy Pathways to Reverse the Rise in Congenital Syphilis December 18, 2025In recent years, cases of congenital syphilis have surged. This trend reflects both prenatal care gaps and systemic issues, including failures in testing, treatment, and public health infrastructure.
- Contact Precautions for MRSA and Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus December 18, 2025This feature about the use of contact precautions in the hospital for patients with MRSA or VRE offers a case vignette accompanied by two essays, one supporting continuing the use of contact precautions and the other recommending discontinuing them.
- Evidence to Action — Single-Dose HPV Vaccination and Cervical HPV Infection December 18, 2025Kreimer and colleagues now report in the Journal1 the results of the ESCUDDO trial, which showed that the efficacy of a single dose of either a bivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine or a nonavalent formulation was similar to that of the standard two-dose schedule. This randomized trial...
- Interactive Perspective: Measles December 18, 2025