An ongoing dialogue on HIV/AIDS, infectious diseases,
September 30th, 2009
The Battle for Colonic Microflora
My two favorite newspapers (New York Times and Wall Street Journal — sorry, hometown paper) have just covered opposite ends of a topic on the edges of ID practice — namely, colonic micro-organisms. Too few? Too many? Wrong type? In the Times, a review of the probiotic debate: Probiotics are live micro-organisms that work by […]
September 24th, 2009
HIV Vaccine Study Shows Promise …
So says this press release by the US Military HIV Research Program: A Phase III clinical trial involving more than 16,000 adult volunteers in Thailand has demonstrated that an investigational HIV vaccine regimen was safe and modestly effective in preventing HIV infection. According to final results released by the trial sponsor, the U.S. Army Surgeon […]
September 16th, 2009
News Flash: The Internet Cannot Replace an Actual Human
Interested in researching the cause of AIDS? Well go ahead and give NetBase Solutions’ healthBase a try, but don’t expect much in the way of filtering: One of the most unfortunate examples is when you type in a search for “AIDS,” one of the listed causes of the disease is “Jew.” Really. The ridiculousness continues. […]
September 4th, 2009
For Suspected H1N1, Get Out the N95 Masks?
So says the Institute of Medicine’s recommendations for protection of health care workers: Healthcare workers (including those in non-hospital settings) who are in close contact with individuals with nH1N1 influenza or influenza-like illnesses should use fit-tested N95 respirators … Employers should ensure that the use and fit testing of N95 respirators be conducted in accordance […]
September 2nd, 2009
Etravirine Warning
From the FDA Advisory: There have been postmarketing reports of cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis and erythema multiforme, as well as hypersensitivity reactions characterized by rash, constitutional findings, and sometimes organ dysfunction, including hepatic failure. Intelence therapy should be immediately discontinued when signs and symptoms of severe skin or hypersensitivity reactions develop. These […]
August 26th, 2009
Late Summer Odds and Ends: Circumcision, H1N1 Vaccine, Lyme Movie, etc.
A few ID/HIV items to cover before summer “unofficially” ends (Sept 1? Kids back at school? Labor Day?): Will US Public Health officials recommend infant male circumcision to prevent HIV? They might be considering such a move, but I suspect it will not be strongly promoted. After all, none of the studies demonstrating its efficacy […]
August 20th, 2009
The V.A. Opts Out
Read all about it here: As of August 17, 2009, written (signature) consent is no longer required for HIV testing in the VHA. Instead, patients will provide verbal informed consent prior to HIV testing. Furthermore, scripted pre-test and post-test counseling are no longer mandated. Since the VA is the largest HIV provider in the nation […]
August 14th, 2009
Who Gets Toxoplasmosis in the United States?
This might seem bizarre, but one of the reasons I chose to go into Infectious Diseases as a field was the names of the diseases (and often the micro-organisms that caused them) sounded so darn cool. For example, if you were a science fiction writer you could hardly come up with a better-sounding name for […]
August 5th, 2009
Just Out: Primary Care HIV Guidelines
Over on the CID web site, they have the revised version of the “IDSA Primary Care Guidelines for the Management of Persons Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus”. It’s a great document, filled with useful references and a particularly strong table where to find other consensus guidelines (diabetes, hyperlipidemia, mental health, others). My vote for what […]
July 25th, 2009
IAS Cape Town 2009: Some Greatest Hits
Below is a highly-subjective list of some of the highlights from the Cape Town IAS meeting. I’m sure I missed something — it’s impossible to see everything at these large conferences. Corrections/additions welcome! My miss-rate might be particularly high since the international AIDS meetings are appropriately focused on HIV treatment in resource-limited settings (especially Africa) […]
Paul E. Sax, MD
Associate Editor
NEJM Clinician
Biography | Disclosures & Summaries
Learn more about HIV and ID Observations.
FROM NEJM — Recent Infectious Disease Articles- Challenging Claims of an Autism Epidemic — Misconceptions and a Path Forward January 17, 2026Autism research programs should focus on both causes and effective services and supports. Alarmist claims, chasing of debunked theories of causation, and further stigmatizing autism are counterproductive.
- Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia January 17, 2026A 60-year-old man with recently diagnosed HIV infection presented with a 10-day history of fever, dry cough, and shortness of breath. A CT scan of the chest showed diffuse nodules and ground-glass opacities.
- Borrelia burgdorferi Infection and Erythema Migrans January 15, 2026Expansion of the range of the lone star tick, a vector for southern tick-associated rash illness, has led to overlap with the range of the Lyme disease vector Ixodes scapularis, which may cause diagnostic uncertainty.
- Primary Palmoplantar Pustulosis January 15, 2026A 60-year-old man with a 30-pack-year smoking history presented with a 2-year history of a painful rash on his palms and soles. Numerous pustules with erosions, crusting, and surrounding erythema were noted.
- Case 2-2026: A 63-Year-Old Man with Pulmonary Nodules, Liver Mass, and Vision Loss January 15, 2026A 63-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of fever, cough, and vision loss in the right eye. He had pulmonary nodules, a liver mass, and multiple brain lesions. A diagnosis was made.
- Challenging Claims of an Autism Epidemic — Misconceptions and a Path Forward January 17, 2026